Appendix F
Additional Solar and Photovoltaic Tables

Table F1. Number of Companies Expecting To Introduce New Solar Thermal Collector Products, 1996
New Product Type Number of
Companies
Low-Temperature Collectors 6
Medium-Temperature Collectors 13
High-Temperature Collectors 6
Noncollector Components 6
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F2. Percent of Solar Collector Shipments by the 10 Largest Companies, 1986-1995
Year Company
Rank		 Shipments
(thousand
square feet)		 Percent of
Total
Shipments
1986 1-5 7,771 83
6-10 785 8
1987 1-5 6,371 88
6-10 499 7
1988 1-5 7,585 93
6-10 335 4
1989 1-5 9,748 85
6-10 1,321 12
1990 1-5 9,955 87
6-10 1,029 9
1991 1-5 5,429 83
6-10 829 13
1992 1-5 6,110 86
6-10 609 9
1993 1-5 6,135 88
6-10 551 8
1994 1-5 6,401 84
6-10 861 12
1995 1-5 6,525 85
6-10 806 11
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F3. Companies Involved in Solar Thermal Activities by Type, 1994 and 1995
Type of Activity 1994 1995
Collector or System Design 30 28
Prototype Collector Development 16 17
Prototype System Development 16 13
Wholesale Distribution 28 24
Retail Distribution 22 16
Installation 17 15
Noncollector System Component
Manufacture		 14 14
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F4. Solar-Related Sales as a Percentage of Total Sales, 1994 and 1995
Solar-Related Sales as a
Percent of Total Sales		 Number of
Companies
1994 1995
90-100 24 22
50-89 9 10
10-49 5 0
Less than 10 3 4
Total 41 36
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F5. Annual Shipments of Solar Thermal Collectors by Type, 1986-1995
(Thousand Square Feet)
Year Low-Temperature Medium-Temperature High-Temperature
Total Shipmentsa,b
Total
Shipmentsa		 Average per
Manufacturer		 Total
Shipmentsa		 Average per
Manufacturer
1986 3,751 171 1,111 13 4,498
1987 3,157 263 957 19 3,155
1988 3,326 416 732 16 4,116
1989 4,283 428 1,989 55 5,209
1990 3,645 304 2,527 62 5,237
1991 5,585 349 989 24 1
1992 6,187 387 897 26 2
1993 6,025 464 931 28 12
1994 6,823 426 803 26 2
1995 6,813 487 840 32 13
aIncludes imputation of shipment data to account for nonrespondents.
bFor high-temperature collectors, average annual shipments per manufacturer are not disclosed.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F6. Shipments of Solar Collectors Ranked by Top Five Origins and Destinations, 1994 and 1995
Origin/Destination 1994 Shipments 1995 Shipments
Thousand
Square Feet		 Percent of
U.S. Total		 Thousand
Square Feet 		Percent of
U.S. Total
Origina
California 2,074 38 1,575 32
Florida 194 4 104 4
New Jersey, New York, and Puerto Rico 2,563 47 2,653 47
Top Five Total 4,831 89 4,332 89
U.S. Total 5,436 100 4,929 100
Destinationb
Florida 3,612 50 3,582 50
California 1,352 19 1,420 20
Arizona 254 4 296 4
Hawaii 200 3 219 3
Puerto Rico 205 3 148 2
Top Five Total 5,624 78 5,665 79
aRepresents only shipments manufactured in the United States.
bBased on the total shipped each year to the United States and Territories shown in Table F10.
Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. U.S. total includes territories.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F7. Distribution of Solar Thermal Collector Shipments, 1994 and 1995
Recipient Shipments
(thousand square feet)
1994 1995
Wholesale Distributors 5,504 5,271
Retail Distributors 1,406 1,659
Exporters 385 279
Installers 185 251
End Users and Othera 146 207
Total 7,627 7,666
aOther includes minimal shipments not explained on Form EIA-63A.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F8. Solar Thermal Collector Shipments by Type, Quantity, Value, and Average Price, 1994 and 1995
Type

1994

1995
Quantity
(thousand
square feet)		 Value
(thousand
dollars)		 Average Price
(dollars per
square foot)		 Quantity
(thousand
square feet)		 Value
(thousand
dollars)		 Average Price
(dollars per
square foot)
Low-Temperature
Liquid and Air 6,823 17,241 2.53 6,813 15,756 2.31
Medium-Temperature
Air 3 34 13.63 18 271 14.77
Liquid

ICS/Thermosiphon

215 5,615 26.1 156 3,079 19.73
Flat Plate 583 5,123 8.79 664 5,369 8.09
Evacuated Tube 2 112 52.91 1 79 58.48
Concentrator 1 1 67.38 0 1 43.33
All Medium-Temperature 803 10,885 13.53 840 8,799 10.48
High-Temperature
Parabolic Dish and Trough 2 28 176.99 13 694 53.26
Total 7,627 28,411 3.73 7,666 25,249 3.29
ICS = Integral collector storage.
Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F9. Shipments of Solar Collectors by Market Sector, End Use, and Type, 1994 and 1995
(Thousand Square Feet)
Type Low-
Temperature		 Medium-Temperature High-
Temperature		 1995
Total		 1994
Total
Liquid/Air Air Liquid Parabolic
Dish/Trough
Metallic and
Nonmetallic		 ICS/Ther-
mosiphon		 Flat-Plate
(Pumped)		 Evacuated
Tube		 Concen-
trator
Market Sector
Residential 6,192 13 150 610 1 0 0 6,966 7,026
Commercial 552 6 4 41 * 0 1 604 583
Industrial 69 0 0 12 * 0 0 82 16
Utility 0 0 0 0 * * 9 9 2
Othera 0 0 2 1 * 0 3 6 0
Total 6,813 18 156 664 1 * 13 7,666 7,627
End Use
Pool Heating 6,731 6 0 26 * 0 0 6,763 6,813
Hot Water 11 7 108 627 1 * 0 755 790
Space Heating 70 5 48 9 0 0 0 132 19
Space Cooling 0 0 0 0 * 0 1 1 0
Combined Space and
Water Heating		 * 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 4
Process Heating 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 * 0
Electricity
Generation		 0 0 0 0 * 0 9 10 2
Otherb 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0
Total 6,813 18 156 664 1 * 13 7,666 7,627
*Less than 500 square feet.
aOther market sectors include shipments of solar thermal collectors to other sectors such as government, including the military but excluding space applications.
bOther end use includes shipments of solar thermal collectors for other uses such as cooking, water pumping, water purification, desalinization, distilling, etc.
ICS = Integral Collector Storage.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F10. Shipments of Solar Thermal Collectors by Destination, 1995
(Square Feet)
Destination

1995

 Destination

1995
Alabama 2,468 Nebraska 16
Alaska 0 Nevada 143,205
Arizona 296,466 New Hampshire 35,984
Arkansas 3,355 New Jersey 79,112
California 1,420,397 New Mexico 26,345
Colorado 38,438 New York 188,178
Connecticut 63,784 North Carolina 5,858
Delaware 0 North Dakota 0
District of Columbia 0 Ohio 12,606
Florida 3,582,079 Oklahoma 0
Georgia 61,674 Oregon 184,667
Hawaii 219,303 Pennsylvania 68,364
Idaho 0 Puerto Rico 147,978
Illinois 65,246 Rhode Island 0
Indiana 3,455 South Carolina 51
Iowa 849 South Dakota 0
Kansas 3,254 Tennessee 3,368
Kentucky 445 Texas 73,980
Louisiana 14,820 Utah 840
Maine 23,026 Vermont 12,652
Maryland 2,595 Virgin Islands (U.S.) 4,605
Massachusetts 26,982 Virginia 16,776
Michigan 53,716 Washington 21,411
Minnesota 133,085 West Virginia 24,450
Mississippi 0 Wisconsin 66,563
Missouri 2,992 Wyoming 0
Montana 0
Shipments to United States/Territories 7,135,438
Exports 530,473
Total Shipments 7,665,911
Note: Italicized States sponsored incentives for solar thermal collector purchases during 1993 (Solar Energy Industries Association, Solar Industry Journal, First Quarter 1993, pp. 16-21). States in bold face type sponsored incentives during 1994 (Steve Kalland, Solar Energy Industries Association, personal communication to James Holihan, Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC, June 1, 1994).
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F11. Distribution of U.S. Solar Thermal Collector Exports by Country, 1995
Country Percent of
U.S. Exports
Asia and the Middle East
Japan 1.9
Korea 0.5
Lebanon 0.1
Saudi Arabia 0.1
Taiwan 15.9
Total 18.5
Europe
Austria 2.4
Denmark 0.5
France 4.8
Germany 5.6
Netherlands 0.3
Spain 3
Sweden 4.8
Switzerland 1.8
Total 23.2
Africa
South Africa 0.7
Zimbabwe 0.2
Total 0.9
Australia 1.9
The Americas
Antigua 0.5
Argentina 0
Bahamas 1.9
Bolivia 3.7
Canada 40.8
Costa Rica 0.1
Ecuador 0.1
Honduras 0
Mexico 4.3
Montserrat 0.1
St. Kitts 0.1
St. Martin 0.2
U.S.Virgin Islands 0.3
Total 52.1
Other 3.4
Total 100
Notes: “Other” represents shipments to countries not disaggregated by companies on Form EIA-63A and may include shipments to enumerated countries. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturer Survey.”



Table F12. Shipments of Complete Solar Thermal Collector Systems, 1994 and 1995
Shipment Information 1994 1995
Complete Collector Systems Shipped 15,946 14,121
Thousand Square Feet 2,763 1,551
Percent of Total Shipments 39 20
Number of Companies 35 36
Value of Systems (thousand dollars) 19,390 17,826
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, “Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F13. Companies Expecting To Introduce New Photovoltaic Products in 1996
New Product Type Number of
Companies
Crystalline Silicon
Single-Crystal Silicon Modules 4
Cast Silicon Modules 3
Ribbon Silicon Modules 2
Thin Film
Amorphous Silicon Modules 5
Other (Thin-Film) 3
Other (Flat Plate) 0
Concentrators 2
Nonmodule System Components 2
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F14. Employment in the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Industry, 1990-1995
Year Number of
Companies		 Number of
Person-Years
1990 19 1,622
1991 23 1,588
1992 21 1,463
1993 19 1,431
1994 22 1,312
1995 24 1,578
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F15. Number of Companies Involved in Photovoltaic-Related Activities, 1994 and 1995
Type of Activity Number of
Companies

1994

1995
Cell Manufacturing 12 14
Module or System Design 19 19
Prototype Module Development 18 17
Prototype Systems Development 14 14
Wholesale Distribution 10 14
Retail Distribution 9 6
Installation 10 8
Noncollector System
Component Manufacturing		 8 5
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F16. Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by Type, 1993-1995
Type Shipments (Peak Kilowatts) Percent of Total

1993

1994

1995

1993

1994

1995
Crystalline Silicon
Single-Crystal		 13,560 16,520 19,857 65 63 64
Cast and Ribbon 6,587 8,264 9,883 31 32 32
Subtotal 20,146 24,785 29,740 96 95 96
Thin-Film Silicon 782 1,061 1,266 4 4 4
Concentrator Silicon 21 231 53 0 1 0
Othera 2 0 0 0 0 0
Total 20,951 26,077 31,059 100 100 100
aIncludes categories not identified by reporting companies.
Notes: Data do not include shipments of cells and modules for space/satellite applications. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F17. Distribution of Photovoltaic Cells and Modules, 1993-1995
Recipient Shipments (Peak Kilowatts)

1993

1994

1995
Wholesale Distributors 10,354 13,248 16,413
Retail Distributors 862 1,230 1,181
Exporters 151 17 321
Installers 1,278 2,443 4,098
End Users 2,295 1,892 458
Module Manufacturers 5,256 6,174 5,794
Othera 754 1,073 2,793
Total 20,951 26,077 31,059
aOther includes categories not identified by reporting companies.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F18. Photovoltaic Cell and Module Shipments by Type, 1994 and 1995

Type

1994

1995

Value
(Thousand
Dollars)

Average Price
(Dollars per Peak Watt)

Value
(Thousand
Dollars)

Average Price
(Dollars per Peak Watt)

Modules

Cells

Modules

Cells
Crystalline Silicon
Single-Crystal		 64,718 4.53 3.00 67,002 4.44 2.48
Cast and Ribbon 30,925 3.84 1.47 42,527 4.35 3.52
Subtotal 95,643 4.22 2.92 109,529 4.39 2.54
Thin-Film Silicon 7,411 7.00 6.60 8,839 7.00 3.73
Concentrator Silicon W W W W W W
Othera W W W W W W
Total 105,858 4.46 2.97 118,429 4.56 2.53
aIncludes categories not identified by reporting companies.
W = Data withheld to avoid disclosure of proprietary company data.
Notes: Data do not include shipments of cells and modules for space/satellite applications. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F19. Shipments of Photovoltaic Cells and Modules by Market Sector, End Use, and Type, 1994 and 1995
(Peak Kilowatts)
Sector and End Use Crystalline
Silicona		 Thin-Film
Silicon		 Concentrator
Silicon		 Other 1995 Total 1994 Total
Market Sector
Industrial 6,981 217 0 0 7,198 6,855
Residential 6,226 31 15 0 6,272 6,632
Commercial 7,784 286 30 0 8,100 5,429
Transportation 2,140 243 0 0 2,383 2,174
Utility 3,724 28 7 0 3,759 2,364
Governmentb 1,979 20 1 0 2,000 2,114
Otherc 906 441 0 0 1,347 510
Total 29,740 1,266 53 0 31,059 26,077
End Use
Electricity Generation

    Grid Interactive
    Remote

 4,423
7,993		 157
222		 5
18		 0
0		 4,585
8,233		 2,296
9,253
Communications 5,140 14 0 0 5,154 5,570
Consumer Goods 1,013 12 0 0 1,025 3,239
Transportation 4,049 154 0 0 4,203 2,128
Water Pumping 2,680 47 0 0 2,727 1,410
Cells/Modules to OEMd 2,622 565 0 0 3,188 1,849
Health 775 1 0 0 776 79
Othere 1,045 95 30 0 1,170 254
Total 29,740 1,266 53 0 31,059 26,077
aIncludes single-crystal and cast and ribbon types.
bIncludes Federal, State, and local governments, excluding military.
cOther includes shipments that are manufactured for private contractors for research and development projects.
dOriginal equipment manufacturers.
eOther uses include shipments of photovoltaic cells and modules for other uses, such as cooking food, desalinization, distilling, etc.
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, “Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey.”



Table F20. Export Shipments of Photovoltaic Modules and Cells by Type, 1995
(Peak Kilowatts)
Item Type
Crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Silicon Concentrator Silicon Total
Modules 10,928 365 6 11,299
Cells 8,558 14 0 8,572
Total 19,486 379 6 19,871
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, "Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey."



Table F21. Destination of Photovoltaic Cell and Module Exports by Continent, 1995
Continent Percent of Exports
Africa 8.9
Asia 48.5
Australia 0.1
Europe 28.2
North America 5.7
South America 9.6
Total 100.0
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, "Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey."



Table F22. Shipments of Complete Photovoltaic Module Systems, 1993-1995

Shipment Information

1995

1994

1993
Complete Photovoltaic Module Systems Shipped 1,077 2,350 447
Peak Kilowatts 937 1,015 1,395
Percent of Total Shipments 6 12 9
Value of Systems (thousand dollars) 6,414 1,009 14,123
Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63B, "Annual Photovoltaic Module/Cell Manufacturers Survey."

Renewable Energy Annual 1996
April 1997
[Click on any entry to go there.]

Front Matter
Contents
Introduction
Highlights
1. Renewable Data Overview
2. Biomass Profile: Wood and Ethanol
3. Municipal Solid Waste Profile
4. Geothermal Energy Profile
5. Wind Energy Profile
6. Solar Industry Profile
7. The Role of Electric Utilities in the Photovoltaics Industry
8. Public Policy Affecting the Waste-to-Energy Industry
9. Flow Control and the Interstate Movement of Waste: Post-Carbone
10. Growth of the Landfill Gas Industry
11. Management of Known Geothermal Resource Areas
12. International Renewable Energy
Appendix A. EIA Renewable Energy Data Sources
Appendix B. Renewable Data Limitations
Appendix C. Geothermal Energy and Geysers
Appendix D. Environmental Impacts of Geothermal Energy
Appendix E. Examples of Contract Arrangements at The Geysers
Appendix F. Additional Solar and Photovoltaic Tables
Appendix G. Moody’s Bond Ratings
Appendix H. LFG: Commercial Energy Recovery Case Studies
Appendix I. List of Internet Addresses: Renewable Energy Information by Resource
Appendix J. State Agencies That Provide Energy Information
Glossary


File last modified: April 16, 1997

Contact:
Mark Gielecki
mgieleck@eia.doe.gov
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URL:http://www.eia.doe.gov/solar.renewables/renwable.energy.annual/contents.html