Primary Metals Table of Contents

Acknowledgments

Industry Overview (Chapter 1)

The Steel Making Industry (Chapter 2)

Background
Steel Production from Iron Ore
References
Annotated Bibliography
Case Study

Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Foundries (Chapter 3)

Foundry Processes
Pollution Prevention Methods for Foundries
References
Annotated Bibliography
Case Studies

Aluminum Smelting and Refining (Chapter 4)

Primary Aluminum Refining
    Waste Sources and Pollution Prevention Opportunities
Secondary Aluminum Production
    Pollution Prevention in Secondary Aluminum Processing
Annotated Bibliography
Case Studies

Copper Processing (Chapter 5)

Primary Production of Copper
Secondary Copper Processing
    Pollution Output and Prevention in Copper Processing
Annotated Bibliography

Lead Processing (Chapter 6)

Primary Lead Processing
    Pollution Sources and Prevention
Secondary Lead Processing
    Pollution Sources and Prevention
Annotated Bibliography

Zinc Processing (Chapter 7)

Primary Zinc Processing
    Pollution Sources and Prevention
Secondary Zinc Processing
    Pollution Sources and Prevention
Annotated Bibliography

Glossary

List of Tables

Table 1. Common Type of Metal Melting Furnaces

List of Figures

Figure 1. The Steel Making Process

Figure 2. The DIOS Process

Figure 3. Metal Casting Process

Figure 4. Green Sand Composition

Figure 5. Dry Sand Reclamation

Figure 6. Wet Sand Reclamation

Figure 7. Thermal Sand Reclamation

Acknowledgments

We would like to than U.S. EPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and the Northeast Waste Management Officials Association (NEWMOA) for funding to produce this information packet. Illinois Waste Management and Research Center (WMRC) staff, past and present, who contributed to this project include: Laura Barnes, Jerry Brown, Ester Burke, Laurie Case, Chris Harris, Tim Lindsey, Lisa Merrifield, Gary Miller, Jackie Peden, and Li-Chen Shen. We thank them for thier contributions.

We also would like to recognize the reviewers who provided valuable suggestions on improving this document. They are: Jerry Brown (WMRC), Laurie Case (WMRC), Randy Cook (Minnesota Technical Assistance Program), George Crandell, (Chrysler Indianapolis Foundry), LeRoy Euvrard (Safety and Environmental Staff), Dieter Leidel (Tanoak, Inc.), Tim Lindsey (WMRC), Jackie Peden (WMRC), Lisa Regenstein (NEWMOA).