Numerous reports from the Pima County Flood Control District and the City of Tucson deal with specific flood-related issues. There are reports for each major watercourse in connection with proposed projects. Flood Control Concept Report for the Lower Santa Cruz River, for example, by the Pima County Department of Transportation and Flood Control District (July 1987) looks at alternative flood control measures in the Marana area. There are also reports for the non-structural flood control projects, such as the Cienega Creek Preserve. Reports dealing with streambed recharge projects are also available from the same sources. FEMA floodplain maps may be viewed at the flood control districts.

Floodwater and Recharge

Guzman, A.G., L.G. Wilson, S.P. Neuman and M.D. Osborn. Simulating Effect of Channel Changes on Stream Infiltration. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 115, No. 12, pp. 1631-1645. 1989.

The Regional Recharge Committee issued an informative Technical Report printed by the Arizona Department of Water Resources Tucson Active Management Area in September 1996.

Chapter 5: THE MANY USES OF WATER

Water Use

Much of the information on water use comes from the Arizona Department of Water Resources' Tucson Active Management Area Draft Third Management Plan 2000-2010 (1998) and from the first and second management plans. Also see the Arizona Department of Water Resources' Tucson Active Management Area 1996 report, State of the AMA.

Water Conservation

Every major water provider in the area has information for its customers on water conservation techniques. Water CASA and SAWARA also provide such information.

General studies of water conservation include B. Dziegielewski's Evaluating Urban Water Conservation Programs: A Procedures Manual, prepared for California Urban Water Agencies by Planning and Management Consultants, Ltd. February 1992.

A study of the impact of water rates on conservation is in Ari Michelsen and others' Effectiveness of Residential Water Conservation Price and Nonprice Programs published by the Research Foundation of the American Water Works Association, Denver, 1998.

Residential lawns in Tucson were studied by David Mouat and Michael Parton, Assessing the Impact of Tucson Peak Water Demand Reduction Effort on Residential Lawn Use, 1976-79. Office of Arid Lands, University of Arizona, December 1979.

Martin Karpiscak and others discussed conservation in Residential Water Conservation: Casa del Agua. Water Resources Bulletin. Vol. 26. No. 6, December 1990. pp. 939-948.

Residential Water Demand: A Micro Analysis Using Survey Data. by Gary Woodard and Todd Rasmussen, (Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest, 14, 1984) examines factors that influence conservation.

Other surveys of municipal water use include: and in Tucson Water's Results from the Fall 1992 Residential Household Survey. (Draft.1995) and Craft, Marti, "Draft Summary of Landscape Survey Results, for ADWR, TAMA, unpublished.

Water Harvesting, Xeriscape and Reuse

Harvesting Rainwater for Landscape Use, by Patricia Waterfall (University of Arizona Cooperative Extension and the Tucson Active Management Area. Sept. 1998) provides practical, how-to information for homeowners. Pima County Cooperative Extension has a variety of pamphlets dealing with xeriscaping and low water use plants. See their Web site. The Summer 1993 issue of WRRC's Arroyo " Home Use of Graywater, Rainwater Conserves Water and May Save Money" provides a good overview. The water quality aspects are discussed in Charles Gerba and others' Water Quality Study of Graywater Treatment Systems (Water Resources Bulletin. Vol. 31, No. 1, pp.109-116). An examination of large scale reuse can be found in numerous reports prepared for Tucson Water. One example is Tucson Metropolitan Wastewater Reuse Assessment Update. (Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. August 1994).

Riparian Water Use

Information about water use for local riparian and wetlands came from the City of Tucson Multiple Benefit Project and Pima County Flood Control District. Both agencies have brochures for the public describing various planned and completed projects. Riparian preservation and restoration issues were described in two issues of the Arroyo. The City of Tucson also has information on the Sweetwater Wetland. The December 1988 issue of Arroyo "Flow of Rivers and Streams Provides Rich Benefits, Raises Varied Concerns" and the Spring, 1993 issue "Managing the Flow to Better Use, Preserve Arizona's Rivers" discuss water for riparian areas. Information about the legal aspects of effluent use in riparian areas came from Barbara Tellman's Arizona's Effluent Dominated Riparian Areas: Issues and Opportunities. (WRRC, Issue Paper No. 12, 1992).

Agriculture

Studies concerning agriculture include Paul Wilson's An Economic Assessment of Central Arizona Project Agriculture, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Arizona, A Report Submitted to the Office of the Governor and the Arizona Department of Water Resources, 1992; Arizona Academy, Tenth Arizona Town Hall, Do Agricultural Problems Threaten Arizona's Total Economy? April, 1967. Some statistical information on agriculture can be found in Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service. Arizona Agricultural Statistics. USDA, Phoenix.