1. SCOPE

The work shall consist of furnishing and installing field fence, including gates and fittings.

2. MATERIALS

Materials for field fence shall conform to the requirements of Material Specification 591. All wooden posts shall be of the same species, when available.

3. SETTING POSTS

Concrete or wood posts shall be set in holes and backfilled with earth except where otherwise specified. Wood posts may be driven when approved by the Engineer. Steel posts shall be driven unless otherwise specified.

Holes for installing fence posts shall be at least six (6) inches larger than the diameter or side dimension of the posts.

Earth backfill around posts shall be thoroughly tamped in layers not thicker than four (4) inches and shall completely fill the posthole up to the ground surface. Concrete backfill around posts shall be rodded into place in layers not thicker than 12-inches and shall completely fill the posthole to the surface of the ground. Backfill, either earth or concrete, shall be crowned-up around posts at the ground surface.

No stress shall be applied to posts set in concrete for a period of not less than 24-hours following the development of a firm set of the concrete.

4. CORNER ASSEMBLY

Unless otherwise specified in Section 11, corner assemblies shall be installed at all points where the fence alignment changes 15 degrees or more.

5. END PANELS

End panels shall be built at gates and fence ends.

6. PULL POST ASSEMBLY

Pull post assembly (bracing within a section of straight fence) shall be installed at the following locations:

a. In straight fence sections, at intervals not to exceed 660 feet.

b. At any point where the vertical angle described by two adjacent reaches of wire is upward and exceeds ten (10) degrees (except as provided in Section 11 of this specification).

c. At the beginning and end of each curved fence section.

7. ATTACHING FENCING TO POSTS

The fencing shall be stretched and attached to posts as follows:

a. The fencing wire or netting shall be placed on the side of the post opposite the area being protected, except for installation along curved sections.

b. The fencing wire or netting shall be placed on the outside for installation along curved sections.

c. The fencing wire or netting shall be fastened to each end post, corner post and pull post by wrapping each horizontal strand around the post and tying it back on itself with not less than three (3) tightly wound wraps.

d. The fencing wire or netting shall be fastened to wooden line posts by means of steel staples. Woven wire fencing shall be attached at alternate horizontal strands. Each strand of barbed wire shall be attached to each post. Steel staples shall be driven diagonally with the grain of wood and at a slight downward angle and shall not be driven so tightly as to bind the wire against the post.

e. The fencing wire or netting shall be fastened to steel or concrete line posts with either two turns of 14 gauge galvanized steel or iron wire or in accordance with recommendations provided by the post’s manufacturer.

f. Wire shall be spliced by means of a Western Union splice or by suitable splice sleeves applied with a tool designed for that purpose. The Western Union splice shall have no less than eight (8) wraps of each end about the other. All wraps shall be tightly wound and closely spaced. Splices made with splice sleeves shall have a tensile strength no less than 80 percent of the strength of the wire being spliced.

8. STAYS

Stays shall be attached to the fencing, at the spacing outlined in Section 11 or as shown on the drawings, to ensure maintenance of the proper spacing of the fence wire strands.

9. CROSSINGS AT DEPRESSIONS AND WATERCOURSES

Where fencing is installed parallel to the ground surface, the line posts subject to upward pull shall be anchored.

a. If the fence wire or netting is installed parallel to the ground surface, the line posts subject to uplift shall be anchored by means of extra embedment or by special anchors as detailed on the drawings.

b. If the fence wire is installed with the top wire straight and parallel to the ground surface on either side of the depression, extra length posts shall be used to allow normal post embedment. Unless otherwise specified, excess space between the bottom of the fence and the ground shall be closed with extra strands of barbed wire or with netting.

10. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

Method 1 The length of each type and kind of fence will be measured to the nearest foot along the profile of the fence, including gate openings. Payment for each type and kind of fence will be made at the contract unit price for that type and kind of fence. Such payment will constitute full compensation for completion of the work, including fabricating and installing gates.

Method 2 The length of each type and kind of fence will be measured to the nearest foot along the profile of the fence, excluding gate openings. Payment will be made at the contract unit price for the specified height of fence. The number of each size and type of gate installed will be determined. Payment will be made at the contract unit price for that type and size of gate. Such payment will constitute full compensation for all labor, materials, equipment and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work.

All Methods The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment. Compensation for any item of work described in the contract but not listed in the bid schedule will be included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in Section 11 of this specification.