| Financial analysis: | --- |
| Environmental impact analysis: | --- |
| Waste management/P2: |  |
| Environmental cost listing/database: | --- |
| Cost estimation: | |
| Alternative product/process comparison: | --- |
| Financial analysis: | --- |
| Environmental impact analysis: | --- |
| Waste management/P2: | |
| Environmental cost listing/database: | --- |
| Cost estimation: | |
| Alternative product/process comparison: | --- |
An instruction manual (29 pages) for a computer-based mathematical model that allows the computation of certain LCCs associated with the use of hazardous materials in the construction, maintenance, and repair of U.S. Navy systems and facilities.
The model estimates those costs derived from the need to protect the health and safety of workplace personnel and the need to protect the environment. The model considers three different exposure states: (1) no exposure, (2) personal exposure (the people involved are exposed over the personal exposure limit (PEL)), and (3) environmental exposure (unacceptable amounts of a hazardous material escape the confines of the facility).
The system allows users to use the materials, items, and costs provided by the system or enter project-specific materials, items, and costs. Cost sources include the Naval Health Research Center's Hazardous Materials Department, Environmental Planning and Compliance Department, Industrial Hygiene Department, Environmental Planning and Compliance Department, Office of Personnel Management and Department of Labor, as well as Medical Surveillance Procedures Manual, Industrial Safety Equipment Catalogue, and medical costs paid by San Diego County to private health care facilities.
| Raw material acquisition | --- |
| Manufacturing stage | |
| Use/reuse/maintenance | |
| Recycle/waste management | |
The model includes five life-cycle stages:
Storage and transportation are also considered. Raw material acquisition has not been check-marked, because our definition of the term is different from the one implied here.
| Conventional | |
| Potentially hidden | |
| Contingent | --- |
| External | --- |
The methodology is used to compute only conventional and hidden costs (conventional costs of inputs and outputs) associated with hazardous material and waste management.
The model requires users to specify values for a number of parameters including the type of material, phase of the life cycle, process, exposure type, and costs. The latter are given in a three-level hierarchical arrangement of cost item, cost element, and cost factor. One or more cost items are combined into a cost element, and one or more cost elements are combined into a cost factor. From the specification of these parameters total LCCs are determined by a mathematical formula presented in the manual.
The manual provides no indication of actual costs of any of the contributing factors. However, appendix C indicates a number of sources from which these costs may be obtained. To compute the cost for activities taken at each exposure level, users first group them into cost factors. These factors include claims and compensation, disposal, engineering controls, fines and penalties, medical surveillance, medical treatment, permits and certification, personal protective equipment, procurement, spill containment and cleanup, storage, training, and workplace monitoring. Costing includes considering the probability the items will be used, the number of people involved, the number of days involved, and the quantity of the material.
| Net present value (NPV) | --- |
| Payback period | --- |
| Internal rate of return (IRR) | --- |
| Benefits cost ratio | --- |
| Other | --- |
This model considers the costs associated with research and development.
The system is flexible, allowing the addition of processes, materials, etc., but users cannot add to the database. The model estimates only the LCCs incurred in assuring the health and safety of workplace personnel and the protection of the environment. There is no information on specific materials, processes, levels of protection and costs in the report.
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