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Georgia pulp manufacturers produce pulp, bleached pulp, or specialty pulp for the food and pharmaceutical industry. Many of these companies also produce finished paper, paperboard, or linerboard. Twenty-four companies are listed in the Georgia Manufacturers Directory within SIC code 26 that are predominately involved in cellulose pulp manufacturing. Approximately 13,000 people work for these manufacturers. A list of these businesses is provided below in Table 1 with a description of the primary products and number of employees.
TABLE 1 - GEORGIA PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURERS
| SIC Code | Company Name | CITY | Primary Product | Employees |
| 2611 | Associated Rubber Co. (Recy.) | Calhoun | Treated Fiber Products | 6 |
| 2611 | Georgia Pacific (Pulp) | Brunswick | Bleached Sulphate Pulp | 850 |
| 2611 | Gilman Paper Co.(Pulp) | St. Marys | Pulp & Paper | 1,080 |
| 2611 | Ponderosa Georgia Div.(Recy.) | Augusta | Reclaimed Pulp Fibers | 44 |
| 2611 | Weyerhaeuser Co.(Pulp) | Oglethorpe | Cellulose Pulp | 525 |
| 2611 | Rayonier | Jesup | Bleached Speciality pulp | 1,076 |
| 2621 | Augusta Newsprint Co.(Pulp) | Augusta | Newsprint | 312 |
| 2621 | Deerfield Specialty Papers Inc.(Paper) | Augusta | Grease Proof Paper | 101 |
| 2621 | Hollingsworth & Vose Co. (Paper) | Hawkinsville | Filter Paper | 54 |
| 2621 | Paper Pak Products, Inc. | Washington | Tissue Paper, Absorbent | 121 |
| 2621 | Southeast Paper Manufacturing Co.(Recy.) | Dublin | Newsprint | 420 |
| 2631 | Caraustar Industries, Inc. (Recy) | Austell | Paperboard for Industry | 632 |
| 2631 | Federal Paper Board Co., Inc.(Pulp) | Augusta | Bleached Paperboard | 925 |
| 2631 | Georgia Pacific Corp.(Pulp) | Cedar Springs | Kraft Linerboards | 843 |
| 2631 | Inland Container Corp.(Pulp) | Rome | Container Board | 718 |
| 2631 | Interstate Paper Corp.(Pulp) | Riceboro | Kraft Linerboard | 287 |
| 2631 | Jefferson Smurfit Corp. (Recy.) | Cedartown | Paperboard | 49 |
| 2631 | Tenneco Packaging (Pulp) | Valdosta | Linerboard | 450 |
| 2631 | Riverwood International Georgia, Inc. (Pulp) | Macon | Container Board | 530 |
| 2631 | Stone Savannah River Pulp (Pulp) | Savannah | Kraft Linerboard | 498 |
| 2631 | Sweetwater Paper Board Co., Inc. (Recy.) | Austell | Gypsum Linerboard | 90 |
| 2631 | Union Camp Corp. (Pulp) | Savannah | Unbleached Kraft Products | 2,997 |
| 2676 | Fort Howard (Recy.) | Rincon | Recycled Paper Products | 998 |
| ACR Industries (Recy.) | Cornelia | Cellulose Insulation | 12 | |
| Total Employees | 13,618 |
Of the 24 manufacturers in Georgia, thirteen are large manufacturers of pulp only, pulp and paper, or pulp and linerboard. These manufacturers produce virgin pulp and form a finished paper product. The pulp may be either bleached or unbleached. Four Georgia mills produce bleached virgin pulp. Pulp is also sold to paper manufacturers that make paper, filter paper, or other specialty paper from pulp. There are approximately 100 companies in Georgia that are primarily paper, paperboard, or paper products manufacturers that do not manufacture pulp. These companies are not the focus of this study.
Another manufacturing group repulps old corrugated cardboard, linerboard, newsprint, and other waste paper. There are at least nine mills producing recycled pulp in Georgia. Recycling mills manufacture pulp for sale to other industries or manufacture a finished paper product. Some recycling mills deink printed stock using floatation or continuous deinking. Bleaching is done primarily with peroxide and less with sodium hypochlorite by recyclers. At least one company recycles newsprint and other paper in a dry repulping process to make insulation, animal bedding, and reseeding material used on highway right of ways.
Paper mills need a source of water and a receiving body to dispose of wastewater. Paper mills are generally located near a river to provide a means of disposal for the often tremendous wastewater stream generated by the mill. A secondary reason is to provide water for mill usage since a number of mills use wells as the primary source of mill supply water. Cooling water is also needed and is usually supplied from surface water. All Georgia mills have wastewater treatment plants except some of the small specialty product mills, and dispose of wastewater directly to a river after treatment. At least one mill disposes of wastewater to a municipal treatment system. Several mills also purchase water from a city or other source of treated water.
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