USDA UCPPE AIR 2002

RESOURCE: AIR

Urban Conservation Practice Physical Effects

CONSIDERATIONS:

(1) QUANTITY

(2) CONDITION

AIRBORNE ODORS

FUNGI, MOLDS, POLLEN

AIR TEMPERATURE

AIR MOVEMENT

HUMIDITY

Objectionable odors from such sources as waste, storage areas, waste lagoons, and other organics.

Production and release of fungi, molds, and pollen by components of a practice.

Improper temperature for development of flora and fauna. Zone of influence from ground level to 10 times plant height.

Improper air movement for flora and fauna. Zone of influence from ground level to 10 times plant height.

Improper level of humidity for flora and fauna health.

800 - Urban Stormwater Wetlands

A constructed system of shallow pools that create growing conditions for wetland plants to lessen the impacts of stormwater quality and quantity in urban areas.

Negligible to significant decrease because of increased vegetative cover. Slight to moderate increase because some wetland odors are objectionable to some people.

Slight increase because of greater variety of plants.

Slight to moderate decrease in summer because of increased evaporation and transpiration.

Slight to moderate decrease because of increased hydrophytic vegetation.

Moderate increase because of increased evaporation and transpiration.

806 - Construction Road Stabilization

The stabilization of temporary construction access routes, subdivision roads, on-site vehicle transportation roads, and construction parking areas with stone immediately after grading.

Not determined yet.

808 - Culvert Inlet Protection

A temporary sediment filter located at the inlet to storm sewer culverts.

Not determined yet.

815 - Diversion

A channel and supporting ridge constructed across the slope to collect and divert runoff.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

820 - Diversion Dike

A dike or dike and channel constructed along the perimeter of a disturbed construction area.

Not applicable.

825 - Dust Control

Controlling dust blowing and movement on construction sites and roads.

Negligible to significant increase depending on the type, extent and frequency of materials applied.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

830 - Erosion Blanket

The application of a preformed protective blanket of straw or other plant residue, or plastic fibers formed into a mat, usually with a plastic mesh on one or both sides.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

835 - Filter Strip

A created or preserved area of vegetation designed to remove sediment and other pollutants and to enhance the infiltration of surface water runoff.

Not applicable.

Slight to significant increase in problem depending on species present.

Slight decrease because of the effects of vegetative cover.

840 - Grass-Lined Channel

A natural or constructed channel that is shaped or graded to required dimensions and established with suitable vegetation for stable conveyance of runoff.

Not applicable.

Slight increase because of permitting plants to mature.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

841 - Impoundment Structure-Full Flow

A dam or excavation which creates an impoundment to collect and store debris, sediment, or water.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

842 - Impoundment Structure-Routed

A dam or excavation which creates an impoundment to collect and store debris, sediment, or water.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

847 - Infiltration Trench

An excavated trench filled with coarse granular material in which stormwater runoff is collected for temporary storage and infiltration.

Negligible to slight increase due to temporary ponding of runoff.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

850 - Inlet Protection-Block and Gravel

A sediment control barrier formed around a storm drain inlet by the use of standard concrete blocks and gravel.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

855 - Inlet Protection-Excavated Drain

An excavated area in the approach to a storm drain drop inlet or curb inlet.

Negligible to slight increase due to temporary ponding of runoff.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

860 - Inlet Protection-Fabric Drop

A temporary fabric barrier placed around a drop inlet.

Negligible to slight increase due to temporary ponding of runoff.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

861 - Inlet Protection-Gravel & Wire Mesh

A temporary sediment control barrier formed around a storm drain inlet by the use of gravel and wire mesh.

Not determined yet.

862 - Inlet Protection-Sod Filter

A sediment filter formed around a storm drain drop inlet by the use of sod.

Not determined yet.

863 - Inlet Protection-Straw Bale Barrier

A temporary sediment control barrier formed around a storm drain drop inlet consisting of a row of entrenched and anchored straw bales.

Not determined yet.

865 - Land Grading

Reshaping the ground surface to planned grades as determined by engineering survey evaluation and layout.

Not applicable.

Negligible to slight decrease due to less ponding to form moist areas for molds.

Not applicable.

870 - Level Spreader

A device used to disperse concentrated runoff over the ground surface as sheet flow.

Not applicable.

875 - Mulching

The application of plant residues and other suitable materials to the soil surface.

Negligible.

Negligible to slight increase because of organic mulches.

Slight to moderate decrease because of surface cover.

Negligible.

880 - Permanent Vegetation

Establishing permanent vegetative cover to stabilize disturbed or exposed areas.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Slight decrease because of vegetative cover effects on temperature extremes.

Negligible.

Moderate increase at ground level. Slight increase above plants.

890 - Permeable Pavement

A pavement consisting of materials having regularly interspersed void areas filled with pervious materials, such as vegetated soil, gravel or sand.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

895 - Portable Sediment Tank

A compartmented container through which sediment-laden water is pumped to trap and retain the sediment.

Not applicable.

900 - Right-of-Way Diversion

A ridge or ridge and channel constructed diagonally across a sloping road or utility right-of-way that is subject to erosion.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

905 - Rock Check Dam

A small rock dam constructed across a grassed swale or road ditch.

Not determined yet.

910 - Rock Outlet Protection

A section of rock protection placed at the outlet end of culverts, conduits, or channels.

Not applicable.

920 - Silt Fence

A temporary barrier of entrenched geotextile fabric stretched across and attached to supporting posts used to intercept sediment-laden runoff from small drainage areas of disturbed soil.

Not applicable.

925 - Sodding

Stabilization of fine graded disturbed areas by laying a continuous cover of grass sod.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Slight decrease because of vegetative cover effects on temperature extremes.

Negligible.

Moderate increase at ground level. Slight increase above plants.

930 - Stabilized Construction Entrance

A stabilized pad of aggregate underlain with filter fabric at any point where traffic enters or leaves a construction site to or from a public right-of-way, street, alley or parking area.

Not applicable.

935 - Straw Bale Barrier

A temporary barrier of entrenched and anchored straw bales used to intercept sediment-laden runoff from small drainage areas of disturbed soil.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

940 - Structural Streambank Stabilization

Stabilization of eroding streambanks by use of designed structural measures.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

945 - Subsurface Drain

A conduit, such as corrugated plastic tubing, tile, or pipe, installed beneath the ground surface to collect and/or convey drainage water.

Not applicable.

950 - Sump Pit

A temporary pit constructed to trap and filter water for pumping into a suitable discharge area.

Negligible to slight increase due to temporary ponding of runoff.

Not applicable.

953 - Surface Roughening

A rough soil surface with horizontal grooves running across the slope on the contour, stair stepping, or tracking with construction equipment.

Not determined yet.

955 - Temporary Diversion

A temporary ridge or excavated channel or combination ridge and channel constructed across sloping land on a predetermined grade.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

960 - Temporary Sediment Trap

A small temporary ponding basin formed by construction of an embankment or excavated basin.

Negligible to slight increase depending on amount and kind of debris and other material trapped.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

965 - Temporary Seeding

Planting rapid-growing annual grasses or small grains to provide initial, temporary coverage for erosion control on disturbed areas.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Slight decrease because of vegetative cover effects on temperature extremes.

Negligible.

Moderate increase at ground level. Slight increase above plants.

970 - Temporary Slope Drain

A flexible tubing or rigid conduit extending temporarily from the top to the bottom of a cut or fill slope.

Not applicable.

975 - Temporary Stream Crossing

A bridge, ford, or temporary structure installed across a stream or watercourse for short-term use by construction vehicles or heavy equipment.

Not applicable.

980 - Temporary Swale

A temporary excavated drainageway.

Negligible.

Slight increase due to permitting plants to mature.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

981 - Topsoiling

Methods of preserving and using topsoil to enhance final site stabilization with vegetation.

Negligible.

Slight to significant decrease because of surface cover.

Negligible.

984 - Tree and Forest Ecosystem Preservation

The preservation of contiguous stands of trees from damage during construction operations.

Not determined yet.

985 - Tree and Shrub Planting

Planting of selected trees and shrubs.

Negligible.

Slight increase because of land use.

Slight to moderate decrease because of absorption of solar radiation and increased transpiration.

Moderate decrease because of increased vegetative cover and obstruction of surface wind patterns.

Slight to moderate increase because of increased transpiration.

990 - Tree Protection

The protection of individual trees from damage during construction operations.

Negligible.

Slight increase because of land use.

Slight to moderate decrease because of absorption of solar radiation and increased transpiration.

Moderate decrease because of increased vegetative cover and obstruction of surface wind patterns.

Slight to moderate increase because of increased transpiration.

991 - Tree Protection - Augering

Underground construction such as utility work by augering (tunneling) through an individual tree's Critical Root Zone (CRZ).

Not determined yet.

995 - Vegetative Streambank Stabilization

The stabilization and protection of eroding streambanks with selected vegetation.

Not applicable.

Negligible.

Not applicable.

996 - Well Decommissioning

The sealing and permanent closure of a water well, boring, or monitoring well.

Not determined yet.